What is the CRC?
What is the CRC?
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is an international human rights treaty which sets out the civil, political, economic, social, health and cultural rights of children.
As at 2023-02-21, there are 196 States Parties to the CRC.
The implementation of the Convention by the States Parties is being monitored by the Committee on the Rights of the Child, a body of independent experts.
Optional Protocol
The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a Communications Procedure is a side-agreement to the Convention that establishes an individual communications mechanism that allows persons claiming to be victims of a violation of the Convention by a State party to directly complain to the Committee on the Rights of the Child.
As at 2025-04-03, there are 53 States Parties to the Optional Protocol.
Japan has not signed it.
History
| Date | Event |
|---|---|
| 1989-11-20 | The Convention’s text was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly and opened for signature |
| 1990-11-02 | The Convention’s came into force after it was ratified by the required number of States Parties |
| 1990-11-21 | Japan signed the Convention |
| 1994-03-29 | The Japanese diet approved the ratification of the Convention |
| 1994-05-22 | The Convention entered into force for Japan |
Related Documents
International
| Date | Document ID | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 1989-11-20 | A/RES/44/25 | Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| 2007-02-27 | CRC/C/GC/9 | General Comment #9 on the Rights of Children with Disabilities |
| 2012-01-27 | A/RES/66/138 | Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure |
Japan
1st Report
| Date | Document ID | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 1996-05-30 | CRC/C/41/Add.1 | Initial report of Japan |
| 1998-05-27 | CRC/C/SR.463 | Consideration of the initial report of Japan |
| 1998-05-27 | CRC/C/SR.464 | Consideration of the initial report of Japan (continued) |
| 1998-05-28 | CRC/C/SR.465 | Consideration of the initial report of Japan (continued) |
| 1998-06-24 | CRC/C/15/Add.90 | Concluding observations on the initial report of Japan |
2nd Report
| Date | Document ID | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 2001-11-15 | CRC/C/104/Add.2 | Second periodic report of Japan |
| 2004-01-28 | CRC/C/SR.942 | Consideration of the second periodic report of Japan (continued) |
| 2004-01-28 | CRC/C/SR.943 | Consideration of the second periodic report of Japan (continued) |
| 2004-02-26 | CRC/C/15/Add.231 | Concluding observations on the second periodic report of Japan |
3rd Report
| Date | Document ID | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 2009-09-25 | CRC/C/JPN/3 | Third periodic report of Japan |
| 2010-03-02 | CRC/C/JPN/Q/3 | List of issues related to Japn’s report |
| 2010-05-05 | CRC/C/JPN/Q/3/Add.1 | Replies of Japan to the list of issues |
| 2010-06-20 | CRC/C/JPN/CO/3 | Concluding observations on the third periodic report of Japan |
Combined 4th and 5th Reports
| Date | Document ID | Content |
|---|---|---|
| 2017-06-30 | CRC/C/JPN/4-5 | Combined forth and fifth periodic reports of Japan |
| 2018-07-03 | CRC/C/JPN/Q/4-5 | List of issues related to Japn’s reports |
| 2018-11-27 | CRC/C/JPN/Q/4-5/Add.1 | Replies of Japan to the list of issues |
| 2019-02-01 | CRC/C/JPN/CO/4-5 | Concluding observations on the combined fourth and fifth periodic reports of Japan |